背景
公司有个渠道系统,专门对接三方渠道使用,没有什么业务逻辑,主要是转换报文和参数校验之类的工作,起着一个承上启下的作用。
最近在优化接口的响应时间,优化了代码之后,但是时间还是达不到要求;有一个诡异的100ms左右的耗时问题,在接口中打印了请求处理时间后,和调用方的响应时间还有差了100ms左右。比如程序里记录150ms,但是调用方等待时间却为250ms左右。
下面记录下当时详细的定位&解决流程(其实解决很简单,关键在于怎么定位并找到解决问题的方法)
基于 Spring Boot + MyBatis Plus + Vue & Element 实现的后台管理系统 + 用户小程序,支持 RBAC 动态权限、多租户、数据权限、工作流、三方登录、支付、短信、商城等功能
定位过程
分析代码
渠道系统是一个常见的spring-boot web工程,使用了集成的tomcat。分析了代码之后,发现并没有特殊的地方,没有特殊的过滤器或者拦截器,所以初步排除是业务代码问题
分析调用流程
出现这个问题之后,首先确认了下接口的调用流程。由于是内部测试,所以调用流程较少。
Nginx-反向代理->渠道系统
公司是云服务器,网络走的也是云的内网。由于不明确问题的原因,所以用排除法,首先确认服务器网络是否有问题。
先确认发送端到Nginx Host是否有问题:
[jboss@VM_0_139_centos~]$ping10.0.0.139
PING10.0.0.139(10.0.0.139)56(84)bytesofdata.
64bytesfrom10.0.0.139:icmp_seq=1ttl=64time=0.029ms
64bytesfrom10.0.0.139:icmp_seq=2ttl=64time=0.041ms
64bytesfrom10.0.0.139:icmp_seq=3ttl=64time=0.040ms
64bytesfrom10.0.0.139:icmp_seq=4ttl=64time=0.040ms
从ping结果上看,发送端到Nginx主机的延迟是无问题的,接下来查看Nginx到渠道系统的网络。
>基于SpringCloudAlibaba+Gateway+Nacos+RocketMQ+Vue&Element实现的后台管理系统+用户小程序,支持RBAC动态权限、多租户、数据权限、工作流、三方登录、支付、短信、商城等功能
>
>*项目地址://gitee.com/zhijiantianya/yudao-cloud>
>*视频教程://doc.iocoder.cn/video/>
#由于日志是没问题的,这里直接复制上面日志了
[jboss@VM_0_139_centos~]$ping10.0.0.139
PING10.0.0.139(10.0.0.139)56(84)bytesofdata.
64bytesfrom10.0.0.139:icmp_seq=1ttl=64time=0.029ms
64bytesfrom10.0.0.139:icmp_seq=2ttl=64time=0.041ms
64bytesfrom10.0.0.139:icmp_seq=3ttl=64time=0.040ms
64bytesfrom10.0.0.139:icmp_seq=4ttl=64time=0.040ms
从ping结果上看,Nginx到渠道系统服务器网络延迟也是没问题的
既然网络看似没问题,那么可以继续排除法,砍掉Nginx,客户端直接再渠道系统的服务器上,通过回环地址(localhost)直连,避免经过网卡/dns,缩小问题范围看看能否复现(这个应用和地址是我后期模拟的,测试的是一个空接口):
[jboss@VM_10_91_centostmp]$curl-w"@curl-time.txt"http://127.0.0.1:7744/send
success
http:200
dns:0.001s
redirect:0.000s
time_connect:0.001s
time_appconnect:0.000s
time_pretransfer:0.001s
time_starttransfer:0.073s
size_download:7bytes
speed_download:95.000B/s
----------
time_total:0.073s请求总耗时
从curl日志上看,通过回环地址调用一个空接口耗时也有73ms。这就奇怪了,跳过了中间所有调用节点(包括过滤器&拦截器之类),直接请求应用一个空接口,都有73ms的耗时,再请求一次看看:
[jboss@VM_10_91_centostmp]$curl-w"@curl-time.txt"http://127.0.0.1:7744/send
success
http:200
dns:0.001s
redirect:0.000s
time_connect:0.001s
time_appconnect:0.000s
time_pretransfer:0.001s
time_starttransfer:0.003s
size_download:7bytes
speed_download:2611.000B/s
----------
time_total:0.003s
更奇怪的是,第二次请求耗时就正常了,变成了3ms。经查阅资料,linux curl是默认开启http keep-alive的。就算不开启keep-alive,每次重新handshake,也不至于需要70ms。
经过不断分析测试发现,连续请求的话时间就会很短,每次请求只需要几毫秒,但是如果隔一段时间再请求,就会花费70ms以上。
从这个现象猜想,可能是某些缓存机制导致的,连续请求因为有缓存,所以速度快,时间长缓存失效后导致时间长。
那么这个问题点到底在哪一层呢?tomcat层还是spring-webmvc呢?
光猜想定位不了问题,还是得实际测试一下,把渠道系统的代码放到本地ide里启动测试能否复现
但是导入本地Ide后,在Ide中启动后并不能复现问题,并没有70+ms的延迟问题。这下头疼了,本地无法复现,不能Debug,由于问题点不在业务代码,也不能通过加日志的方式来Debug这时候可以祭出神器Arthas了
Arthas分析问题
Arthas 是Alibaba开源的Java诊断工具,深受开发者喜爱。当你遇到以下类似问题而束手无策时,Arthas可以帮助你解决:
- 这个类从哪个 jar 包加载的?为什么会报各种类相关的 Exception?
- 我改的代码为什么没有执行到?难道是我没 commit?分支搞错了?
- 遇到问题无法在线上 debug,难道只能通过加日志再重新发布吗?
- 线上遇到某个用户的数据处理有问题,但线上同样无法 debug,线下无法重现!
- 是否有一个全局视角来查看系统的运行状况?
- 有什么办法可以监控到JVM的实时运行状态?
上面是Arthas的官方简介,这次我只需要用他的一个小功能trace。动态计算方法调用路径和时间,这样我就可以定位时间在哪个地方被消耗了。
- trace 方法内部调用路径,并输出方法路径上的每个节点上耗时
- trace 命令能主动搜索 class-pattern/method-pattern
- 对应的方法调用路径,渲染和统计整个调用链路上的所有性能开销和追踪调用链路。
有了神器,那么该追踪什么方法呢?由于我对Tomcat源码不是很熟,所以只能从spring mvc下手,先来trace一下spring mvc的入口:
[arthas@24851]$traceorg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet*
PressQorCtrl+Ctoabort.
Affect(class-cnt:1,method-cnt:44)costin508ms.
`---ts=2019-09-1421:07:44;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-2;id=11;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedWebappClassLoader@7c136917
`---[2.952142ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:buildLocaleContext()
`---ts=2019-09-1421:07:44;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-2;id=11;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedWebappClassLoader@7c136917
`---[18.08903ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:doService()
+---[0.041346ms]org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isDebugEnabled()#889
+---[0.022398ms]org.springframework.web.util.WebUtils:isIncludeRequest()#898
+---[0.014904ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getWebApplicationContext()#910
+---[1.071879ms]javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute()#910
+---[0.020977ms]javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute()#911
+---[0.017073ms]javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute()#912
+---[0.218277ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getThemeSource()#913
|`---[0.137568ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getThemeSource()
|`---[min=0.00783ms,max=0.014251ms,total=0.022081ms,count=2]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getWebApplicationContext()#782
+---[0.019363ms]javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute()#913
+---[0.070694ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.FlashMapManager:retrieveAndUpdate()#916
+---[0.01839ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.FlashMap:()#920
+---[0.016943ms]javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute()#920
+---[0.015268ms]javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:setAttribute()#921
+---[15.050124ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:doDispatch()#925
|`---[14.943477ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:doDispatch()
|+---[0.019135ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncUtils:getAsyncManager()#953
|+---[2.108373ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:checkMultipart()#960
||`---[2.004436ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:checkMultipart()
||`---[1.890845ms]org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartResolver:isMultipart()#1117
|+---[2.054361ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getHandler()#964
||`---[1.961963ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getHandler()
||+---[0.02051ms]java.util.List:iterator()#1183
||+---[min=0.003805ms,max=0.009641ms,total=0.013446ms,count=2]java.util.Iterator:hasNext()#1183
||+---[min=0.003181ms,max=0.009751ms,total=0.012932ms,count=2]java.util.Iterator:next()#1183
||+---[min=0.005841ms,max=0.015308ms,total=0.021149ms,count=2]org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isTraceEnabled()#1184
||`---[min=0.474739ms,max=1.19145ms,total=1.666189ms,count=2]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping:getHandler()#1188
|+---[0.013071ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:getHandler()#971
|+---[0.372236ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getHandlerAdapter()#971
||`---[0.280073ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:getHandlerAdapter()
||+---[0.004804ms]java.util.List:iterator()#1224
||+---[0.003668ms]java.util.Iterator:hasNext()#1224
||+---[0.003038ms]java.util.Iterator:next()#1224
||+---[0.006451ms]org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isTraceEnabled()#1225
||`---[0.012683ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter:supports()#1228
|+---[0.012848ms]javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest:getMethod()#974
|+---[0.013132ms]java.lang.String:equals()#975
|+---[0.003025ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:getHandler()#977
|+---[0.008095ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter:getLastModified()#977
|+---[0.006596ms]org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isDebugEnabled()#978
|+---[0.018024ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletWebRequest:()#981
|+---[0.017869ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletWebRequest:checkNotModified()#981
|+---[0.038542ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:applyPreHandle()#986
|+---[0.00431ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:getHandler()#991
|+---[4.248493ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter:handle()#991
|+---[0.014805ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager:isConcurrentHandlingStarted()#993
|+---[1.444994ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:applyDefaultViewName()#997
||`---[0.067631ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:applyDefaultViewName()
|+---[0.012027ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:applyPostHandle()#998
|+---[0.373997ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:processDispatchResult()#1008
||`---[0.197004ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet:processDispatchResult()
||+---[0.007074ms]org.apache.commons.logging.Log:isDebugEnabled()#1075
||+---[0.005467ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncUtils:getAsyncManager()#1081
||+---[0.004054ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager:isConcurrentHandlingStarted()#1081
||`---[0.011988ms]org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain:triggerAfterCompletion()#1087
|`---[0.004015ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager:isConcurrentHandlingStarted()#1018
+---[0.005055ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncUtils:getAsyncManager()#928
`---[0.003422ms]org.springframework.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManager:isConcurrentHandlingStarted()#928
~
[jboss@VM_10_91_centostmp]$curl-w"@curl-time.txt"http://127.0.0.1:7744/send
success
http:200
dns:0.001s
redirect:0.000s
time_connect:0.001s
time_appconnect:0.000s
time_pretransfer:0.001s
time_starttransfer:0.115s
size_download:7bytes
speed_download:60.000B/s
----------
time_total:0.115s
本次调用,调用端时间花费115ms,但是从arthas trace上看,spring mvc只消耗了18ms,那么剩下的97ms去哪了呢?
本地测试后已经可以排除spring mvc的问题了,最后也是唯一可能出问题的点就是tomcat
可是本人并不熟悉tomcat中的源码,就连请求入口都不清楚,tomcat里需要trace的类都不好找。。。
不过没关系,有神器Arthas,可以通过stack命令来反向查找调用路径,以org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
作为参数:
stack 输出当前方法被调用的调用路径
很多时候我们都知道一个方法被执行,但这个方法被执行的路径非常多,或者你根本就不知道这个方法是从那里被执行了,此时你需要的是 stack 命令。
[arthas@24851]$stackorg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet*
PressQorCtrl+Ctoabort.
Affect(class-cnt:1,method-cnt:44)costin495ms.
ts=2019-09-1421:15:19;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-5;id=14;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedWebappClassLoader@7c136917
@org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest()
atorg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:866)
atjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:635)
atorg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:851)
atjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:109)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
atorg.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:496)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
atorg.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
atorg.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
atorg.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
atorg.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
atorg.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790)
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1468)
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
atjava.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
atjava.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
ts=2019-09-1421:15:19;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-5;id=14;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedWebappClassLoader@7c136917
@org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService()
atorg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:974)
atorg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:866)
atjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:635)
atorg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:851)
atjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:109)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
atorg.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
atorg.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:496)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
atorg.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
atorg.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
atorg.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
atorg.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
atorg.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
atorg.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790)
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1468)
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
atjava.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
atjava.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
atorg.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
atjava.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
从stack日志上可以很直观的看出DispatchServlet的调用栈,那么这么长的路径,该trace哪个类呢(这里跳过spring mvc中的过滤器的trace过程,实际排查的时候也trace了一遍,但这诡异的时间消耗不是由这里过滤器产生的)?
有一定经验的老司机从名字上大概也能猜出来从哪里下手比较好,那就是org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service
,从名字上看,http1.1处理器,这可能是一个比较好的切入点。下面来trace一下:
[arthas@24851]$traceorg.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processorservice
PressQorCtrl+Ctoabort.
Affect(class-cnt:1,method-cnt:1)costin269ms.
`---ts=2019-09-1421:22:51;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-8;id=17;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
`---[131.650285ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:service()
+---[0.036851ms]org.apache.coyote.Request:getRequestProcessor()#667
+---[0.009986ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage()#668
+---[0.008928ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:setSocketWrapper()#671
+---[0.013236ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:init()#672
+---[0.00981ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11OutputBuffer:init()#673
+---[min=0.00213ms,max=0.007317ms,total=0.009447ms,count=2]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState()#683
+---[min=0.002098ms,max=0.008888ms,total=0.010986ms,count=2]org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError()#683
+---[min=0.002448ms,max=0.007149ms,total=0.009597ms,count=2]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync()#683
+---[min=0.002399ms,max=0.00852ms,total=0.010919ms,count=2]org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint:isPaused()#683
+---[min=0.033587ms,max=0.11832ms,total=0.151907ms,count=2]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:parseRequestLine()#687
+---[0.005384ms]org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint:isPaused()#695
+---[0.007924ms]org.apache.coyote.Request:getMimeHeaders()#702
+---[0.006744ms]org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint:getMaxHeaderCount()#702
+---[0.012574ms]org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders:setLimit()#702
+---[0.14319ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:parseHeaders()#703
+---[0.003997ms]org.apache.coyote.Request:getMimeHeaders()#743
+---[0.026561ms]org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders:values()#743
+---[min=0.002869ms,max=0.01203ms,total=0.014899ms,count=2]java.util.Enumeration:hasMoreElements()#745
+---[0.070114ms]java.util.Enumeration:nextElement()#746
+---[0.010921ms]java.lang.String:toLowerCase()#746
+---[0.008453ms]java.lang.String:contains()#746
+---[0.002698ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState()#775
+---[0.00307ms]org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError()#775
+---[0.002708ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage()#777
+---[0.171139ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:prepareRequest()#779
+---[0.009349ms]org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketWrapperBase:decrementKeepAlive()#794
+---[0.002574ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState()#800
+---[0.002696ms]org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError()#800
+---[0.002499ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage()#802
+---[0.005641ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getAdapter()#803
+---[129.868916ms]org.apache.coyote.Adapter:service()#803
+---[0.003859ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState()#809
+---[0.002365ms]org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError()#809
+---[0.003844ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync()#809
+---[0.002382ms]org.apache.coyote.Response:getStatus()#809
+---[0.002476ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:statusDropsConnection()#809
+---[0.002284ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage()#838
+---[0.00222ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync()#839
+---[0.037873ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:endRequest()#843
+---[0.002188ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage()#845
+---[0.002112ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState()#849
+---[0.002063ms]org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError()#849
+---[0.002504ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync()#853
+---[0.009808ms]org.apache.coyote.Request:updateCounters()#854
+---[0.002008ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState()#855
+---[0.002192ms]org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isIoAllowed()#855
+---[0.01968ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:nextRequest()#856
+---[0.010065ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11OutputBuffer:nextRequest()#857
+---[0.002576ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage()#870
+---[0.016599ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:processSendfile()#872
+---[0.008182ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11InputBuffer:getParsingRequestLinePhase()#688
+---[0.0075ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:handleIncompleteRequestLineRead()#690
+---[0.001979ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setStage()#875
+---[0.001981ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:getErrorState()#877
+---[0.001934ms]org.apache.coyote.ErrorState:isError()#877
+---[0.001995ms]org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint:isPaused()#877
+---[0.002403ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isAsync()#879
`---[0.006176ms]org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor:isUpgrade()#881
日志里有一个129ms的耗时点(时间比没开arthas的时候更长是因为arthas本身带来的性能消耗,所以生产环境小心使用),这个就是要找的问题点。
打问题点找到了,那怎么定位是什么导致的问题呢,又如何解决呢?
继续trace吧,细化到具体的代码块或者内容。trace由于性能考虑,不会展示所有的调用路径,如果调用路径过深,只有手动深入trace,原则就是trace耗时长的那个方法:
[arthas@24851]$traceorg.apache.coyote.Adapterservice
PressQorCtrl+Ctoabort.
Affect(class-cnt:1,method-cnt:1)costin608ms.
`---ts=2019-09-1421:34:33;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-1;id=10;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
`---[81.70999ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter:service()
+---[0.032546ms]org.apache.coyote.Request:getNote()#302
+---[0.007148ms]org.apache.coyote.Response:getNote()#303
+---[0.007475ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector:getXpoweredBy()#324
+---[0.00447ms]org.apache.coyote.Request:getRequestProcessor()#331
+---[0.007902ms]java.lang.ThreadLocal:get()#331
+---[0.006522ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setWorkerThreadName()#331
+---[73.793798ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter:postParseRequest()#336
+---[0.001536ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector:getService()#339
+---[0.004469ms]org.apache.catalina.Service:getContainer()#339
+---[0.007074ms]org.apache.catalina.Engine:getPipeline()#339
+---[0.004334ms]org.apache.catalina.Pipeline:isAsyncSupported()#339
+---[0.002466ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:setAsyncSupported()#339
+---[6.01E-4ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector:getService()#342
+---[0.001859ms]org.apache.catalina.Service:getContainer()#342
+---[9.65E-4ms]org.apache.catalina.Engine:getPipeline()#342
+---[0.005231ms]org.apache.catalina.Pipeline:getFirst()#342
+---[7.239154ms]org.apache.catalina.Valve:invoke()#342
+---[0.006904ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:isAsync()#345
+---[0.00509ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:finishRequest()#372
+---[0.051461ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Response:finishResponse()#373
+---[0.007244ms]java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean:()#379
+---[0.007314ms]org.apache.coyote.Response:action()#380
+---[0.004518ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:isAsyncCompleting()#382
+---[0.001072ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:getContext()#394
+---[0.007166ms]java.lang.System:currentTimeMillis()#401
+---[0.004367ms]org.apache.coyote.Request:getStartTime()#401
+---[0.011483ms]org.apache.catalina.Context:logAccess()#401
+---[0.0014ms]org.apache.coyote.Request:getRequestProcessor()#406
+---[min=8.0E-4ms,max=9.22E-4ms,total=0.001722ms,count=2]java.lang.Integer:()#406
+---[0.001082ms]java.lang.reflect.Method:invoke()#406
+---[0.001851ms]org.apache.coyote.RequestInfo:setWorkerThreadName()#406
+---[0.035805ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Request:recycle()#410
`---[0.007849ms]org.apache.catalina.connector.Response:recycle()#411
一段无聊的手动深入trace之后………………
[arthas@24851]$traceorg.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractArchiveResourceSetgetArchiveEntries
PressQorCtrl+Ctoabort.
Affect(class-cnt:4,method-cnt:2)costin150ms.
`---ts=2019-09-1421:36:26;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-3;id=12;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
`---[75.743681ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarWarResourceSet:getArchiveEntries()
+---[0.025731ms]java.util.HashMap:()#106
+---[0.097729ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarWarResourceSet:openJarFile()#109
+---[0.091037ms]java.util.jar.JarFile:getJarEntry()#110
+---[0.096325ms]java.util.jar.JarFile:getInputStream()#111
+---[0.451916ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:()#113
+---[min=0.001175ms,max=0.001176ms,total=0.002351ms,count=2]java.lang.Integer:()#114
+---[0.00104ms]java.lang.reflect.Method:invoke()#114
+---[0.045105ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getNextJarEntry()#114
+---[min=5.02E-4ms,max=0.008531ms,total=0.028864ms,count=31]java.util.jar.JarEntry:getName()#116
+---[min=5.39E-4ms,max=0.022805ms,total=0.054647ms,count=31]java.util.HashMap:put()#116
+---[min=0.004452ms,max=34.479307ms,total=74.206249ms,count=31]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getNextJarEntry()#117
+---[0.018358ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getManifest()#119
+---[0.006429ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarWarResourceSet:setManifest()#120
+---[0.010904ms]org.apache.tomcat.util.compat.JreCompat:isJre9Available()#121
+---[0.003307ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getMetaInfEntry()#133
+---[5.5E-4ms]java.util.jar.JarEntry:getName()#135
+---[6.42E-4ms]java.util.HashMap:put()#135
+---[0.001981ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getManifestEntry()#137
+---[0.064484ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:close()#141
+---[0.007961ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarWarResourceSet:closeJarFile()#151
`---[0.004643ms]java.io.InputStream:close()#155
发现了一个值得暂停思考的点:
+---[min=0.004452ms,max=34.479307ms,total=74.206249ms,count=31]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:getNextJarEntry()#117
这行代码加载了31次,一共耗时74ms;从名字上看,应该是tomcat加载jar包时的耗时,那么是加载了31个jar包的耗时,还是加载了jar包内的某些资源31次耗时呢?
TomcatJarInputStream这个类源码的注释写到:
Thepurposeofthissub-classistoobtainreferencestotheJarEntryobjectsforMETA-INF/andMETA-INF/MANIFEST.MFthatareotherwiseswallowedbytheJarInputStreamimplementation.
大概意思也就是,获取jar包内META-INF/,META-INF/MANIFEST的资源,这是一个子类,更多的功能在父类JarInputStream里。
其实看到这里大概也能猜到问题了,tomcat加载jar包内META-INF/,META-INF/MANIFEST的资源导致的耗时,至于为什么连续请求不会耗时,应该是tomcat的缓存机制(下面介绍源码分析)
不着急定位问题,试着通过Arthas最终定位问题细节,继续手动深入trace
[arthas@24851]$traceorg.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream*
PressQorCtrl+Ctoabort.
Affect(class-cnt:1,method-cnt:4)costin44ms.
`---ts=2019-09-1421:37:47;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-5;id=14;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
`---[0.234952ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:createZipEntry()
+---[0.039455ms]java.util.jar.JarInputStream:createZipEntry()#43
`---[0.007827ms]java.lang.String:equals()#44
`---ts=2019-09-1421:37:47;thread_name=http-nio-7744-exec-5;id=14;is_daemon=true;priority=5;TCCL=org.springframework.boot.loader.LaunchedURLClassLoader@20ad9418
`---[0.050222ms]org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStream:createZipEntry()
+---[0.001889ms]java.util.jar.JarInputStream:createZipEntry()#43
`---[0.001643ms]java.lang.String:equals()#46
#这里一共31个trace日志,删减了剩下的
从方法名上看,还是加载资源之类的意思。都已经到jdk源码了,这时候来看一下TomcatJarInputStream
这个类的源码:
/**
*CreatesanewJarEntry
(ZipEntry
)forthe
*specifiedJARfileentryname.Themanifestattributesof
*thespecifiedJARfileentrynamewillbecopiedtothenew
*JarEntry
.
*
*@paramnamethenameoftheJAR/ZIPfileentry
*@returntheJarEntry
objectjustcreated
*/
protectedZipEntrycreateZipEntry(Stringname){
JarEntrye=newJarEntry(name);
if(man!=null){
e.attr=man.getAttributes(name);
}
returne;
}
这个createZipEntry
有个name参数,从注释上看,是jar/zip文件名,如果能得到文件名这种关键信息,就可以直接定位问题了;还是通过Arthas,使用watch命令,动态监测方法调用数据
watch方法执行数据观测
让你能方便的观察到指定方法的调用情况。能观察到的范围为:返回值、抛出异常、入参,通过编写 OGNL 表达式进行对应变量的查看。
watch 该方法的入参
[arthas@24851]$watchorg.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatJarInputStreamcreateZipEntry"{params[0]}"
PressQorCtrl+Ctoabort.
Affect(class-cnt:1,method-cnt:1)costin27ms.
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.14547ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.048028ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/MANIFEST.MF],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.046071ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.033855ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/swagger-ui.html],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.039138ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/webjars/],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.033701ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.033644ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/favicon-16x16.png],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.033976ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/springfox.css],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.032818ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/swagger-ui-standalone-preset.js.map],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.04651ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/swagger-ui.css],
]
ts=2019-09-1421:51:14;[cost=0.034793ms]result=@ArrayList[
@String[META-INF/resources/webjars/springfox-swagger-ui/swagger-ui.js.map],
这下直接看到了具体加载的资源名,这么熟悉的名字:swagger-ui,一个国外的rest接口文档工具,又有国内开发者基于swagger-ui做了一套spring mvc的集成工具,通过注解就可以自动生成swagger-ui需要的接口定义json文件,用起来还比较方便,就是侵入性较强。
删除swagger的jar包后问题,诡异的70+ms就消失了
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfoxgroupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2artifactId>
<version>2.9.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfoxgroupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-uiartifactId>
<version>2.9.2version>
dependency>
那么为什么swagger会导致请求耗时呢,为什么每次请求偶读会加载swagger内部的静态资源呢?
其实这是tomcat-embed的一个bug吧,下面详细介绍一下该Bug
Tomcat embed Bug分析&解决
源码分析过程实在太漫长,而且也不是本文的重点,所以就不介绍了, 下面直接介绍下分析结果
顺便贴一张tomcat处理请求的核心类图
为什么每次请求会加载Jar包内的静态资源
关键在于org.apache.catalina.mapper.Mapper#internalMapWrapper
这个方法,该版本下处理请求的方式有问题,导致每次都校验静态资源。
为什么连续请求不会出现问题
因为Tomcat对于这种静态资源的解析是有缓存的,优先从缓存查找,缓存过期后再重新解析。具体参考org.apache.catalina.webresources.Cache
,默认过期时间ttl是5000ms。
为什么本地不会复现
其实确切的说,是通过spring-boot打包插件后不能复现。由于启动方式的不同,tomcat使用了不同的类去处理静态资源,所以没问题
如何解决
升级tomcat-embed版本即可
当前出现Bug的版本为:
spring-boot:2.0.2.RELEASE,内置的tomcat embed版本为8.5.31
升级tomcat embed版本至8.5.40+即可解决此问题,新版本已经修复了
通过替换springboot pom properties方式
如果项目是maven是继承的springboot,即parent配置为springboot的,或者dependencyManagement中import spring boot包的
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>2.0.2.RELEASEversion>
<relativePath/>
parent>
pom中直接覆盖properties即可:
<properties>
<tomcat.version>8.5.40tomcat.version>
properties>
升级spring boot版本
springboot 2.1.0.RELEASE中的tomcat embed版本已经大于8.5.31了,所以直接将springboot升级至该版本及以上版本就可以解决此问题
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原文标题:快速定位SpringBoot接口超时问题的神器!
文章出处:【微信号:芋道源码,微信公众号:芋道源码】欢迎添加关注!文章转载请注明出处。
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