1.概述
MySQL 8.0.22 开始,支持异步连接故障切换机制,在现有主从复制连接失败后,自动建立到新主的异步复制连接。
MySQL 8.0.23 开始,异步连接故障切换机制还支持组复制拓扑,通过自动监视组成员身份的更改并区分主节点和从节点,在组复制主节点故障选出新主节点后,自动建立到新主的异步复制连接。
MySQL 8.0.26 开始,组复制可以设置组成员在特定情况下采取的操作,比如成员操作 mysql_disable_super_read_only_if_primary 当选择一个新的primary时,使处于单主模式的组保持超级只读模式,这样该组只接受复制的事务,不接受来自客户端的任何直接写操作。
MySQL 8.0.27 开始,异步连接故障切换机制还允许组复制作为副本,组的主节点发生故障时,新的主节点自动重新连接到源端。新增成员操作mysql_start_failover_channels_if_primary,默认情况下,此成员操作是启用的,当启用此成员动作时,在"CHANGE replication SOURCE TO"语句中为复制通道设置SOURCE_CONNECTION_AUTO_FAILOVER=1时,组复制主节点复制通道上的异步连接故障转移将激活。
2.架构
MGR B 作为 MGR A 的备份
本次测试通过搭建2套MGR作为主备集群,进行异步连接故障切换测试:
(1)当主集群MGR A 的主节点发生故障时,备集群MGR B的主节点能够实现异步故障转移,自动连接MGR A 的新主节点,主备集群同步不断开,实现数据正常同步。
(2)当备集群MGR B 的主节点发生故障时,MGR B 的新主节点能够自动启动复制通道,自动连接MGR A 主节点,主备集群同步不断开,实现数据正常同步。
(3)设置MGR B成员行为,使处于单主模式的组 MGR B 保持超级只读模式,这样该组只接受复制的事务,不接受来自客户端的任何直接写。
3.测试
本次测试基于 MySQL 8.0.31,搭建2套MGR集群(单主模式)
3.1 搭建MGR集群
MGR A:
mysql>select*fromperformance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|MEMBER_ID|MEMBER_HOST|MEMBER_PORT|MEMBER_STATE|MEMBER_ROLE|MEMBER_VERSION|MEMBER_COMMUNICATION_STACK| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |group_replication_applier|44921323-bd95-11ed-8db5-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6002|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|6f904c5c-bd95-11ed-bc79-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6003|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|c9e254d3-bd94-11ed-8ae9-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6001|ONLINE|PRIMARY|8.0.31|XCom| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ 3rowsinset(0.01sec)
MGR B:
select*fromperformance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|MEMBER_ID|MEMBER_HOST|MEMBER_PORT|MEMBER_STATE|MEMBER_ROLE|MEMBER_VERSION|MEMBER_COMMUNICATION_STACK| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |group_replication_applier|190f4674-be4a-11ed-9452-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6005|ONLINE|PRIMARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|3fa9e064-be4a-11ed-92c7-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6006|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|6a9691c6-be4a-11ed-8a32-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6007|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ 3rowsinset(0.00sec)
3.2 创建复制用户
在MGR A 的主节点创建用于复制的用户 repl_user
createuserrepl_user@'%'identifiedwithmysql_native_passwordby'abc123'; grantreplicationslaveon*.*torepl_user@'%'; grantselectonperformance_schema.*torepl_user@'%';
注意:这里复制用户需要有 performance_schema 库的select权限,主要用于获取MGR A集群成员的状态,如果没有这个权限,将不能进行异步连接故障转移。
3.3停止MGR B的组复制
在MGR B的所有节点停止组复制,可先停止从节点,避免发生节点切换
mysql>stopgroup_replication;
注意:这里停止组复制是为了下一步创建异步复制通道,如果不停止复制通道,在运行正常的MGR B 的主节点执行创建复制通道的语句,会导致从节点退出组,报如下错误:
2023-03-09T1451.933981+08:0017887[ERROR][MY-013786][Repl]UnabletosetSOURCE_CONNECTION_AUTO_FAILOVERonanon-existentormisconfiguredreplicationchannel'mgra_to_mgrb',pleasecreatethechannelandrejointheservertothegroup. 2023-03-09T1451.934259+08:0017887[ERROR][MY-013487][Repl]Plugingroup_replicationreported:'AmessagesentthroughtheGroupReplicationmessagedeliverservicewasnotdeliveredsuccessfully.Theserverwillnowleavethegroup.Trytoaddtheserverbacktothegroupandcheckiftheproblempersists,orcheckpreviousmessagesinthelogforhintsofwhatcouldbetheproblem.' 2023-03-09T1451.934704+08:0017887[ERROR][MY-011712][Repl]Plugingroup_replicationreported:'Theserverwasautomaticallysetintoreadonlymodeafteranerrorwasdetected.' 2023-03-09T1455.166405+08:000[System][MY-011504][Repl]Plugingroup_replicationreported:'Groupmembershipchanged:Thismemberhasleftthegroup.'
3.4创建异步复制通道
在MGR B的所有节点创建异步复制通道
changereplicationsourcetosource_host='172.17.140.201',source_port=6001,source_user='repl_user',source_password='abc123',source_auto_position=1,source_connection_auto_failover=1,source_connect_retry=10,source_retry_count=3forchannel'mgra_to_mgrb';
source_host:MGR A 主节点的IP
source_port:MGR A 主节点的端口
source_connection_auto_failover=1:表示开启自动故障转移功能。
source_connect_retry:指定复制副本在与源端的连接超时后重新连接尝试之间的间隔(秒)。
source_retry_count:设置复制副本在连接到源超时后进行的最大重新连接尝试次数。
3.5配置复制源
在MGR B 的主节点配置复制源
selectasynchronous_connection_failover_add_managed('mgra_to_mgrb','GroupReplication','bbbbbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbbbbbbb','172.17.140.201',6001,'',90,50); +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |asynchronous_connection_failover_add_managed('mgra_to_mgrb','GroupReplication','bbbbbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbbbbbbb','172.17.140.201',6001,'',90,50)| +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |TheUDFasynchronous_connection_failover_add_managed()executedsuccessfully.| +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1rowinset(0.02sec)
语法:
asynchronous_connection_failover_add_managed(channel,managed_type,managed_name,host,port,network_namespace,primary_weight,secondary_weight)
参数:
channel:上面创建的复制通道名称;
managed_type:管理服务的类型,当前可传入的值必须是GroupReplication;
managed_name:管理组的识别符,即group_replication_group_name参数的值;
host:源端主机名;
port:源端端口号;
network_namespace:预留为将来使用,置空;
primary_weight:MGR主服务器的权重,值为1到100,值越大,优先级越高;
secondary_weight:MGR从服务器的权重,值为1到100,值越大,优先级越高;
3.6查看配置的用于异步连接切换的复制源
mysql>select*fromperformance_schema.replication_asynchronous_connection_failover; +--------------+----------------+------+-------------------+--------+--------------------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|HOST|PORT|NETWORK_NAMESPACE|WEIGHT|MANAGED_NAME| +--------------+----------------+------+-------------------+--------+--------------------------------------+ |mgra_to_mgrb|172.17.140.201|6001||50|bbbbbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbbbbbbb| +--------------+----------------+------+-------------------+--------+--------------------------------------+ 1rowinset(0.00sec)
这里只显示刚才配置的一个节点,启动异步复制通道后就能看到MGR A所有节点。
3.7启动 MGR B 组复制
在MGR B 的主节点重新引导启动组复制
#选一个节点作为引导节点 setglobalgroup_replication_bootstrap_group=ON; startgroup_replication; setglobalgroup_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF; #其余节点启动组复制 startgroup_replication; #查看MGRB集群状态 +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|MEMBER_ID|MEMBER_HOST|MEMBER_PORT|MEMBER_STATE|MEMBER_ROLE|MEMBER_VERSION|MEMBER_COMMUNICATION_STACK| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |group_replication_applier|190f4674-be4a-11ed-9452-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6005|ONLINE|PRIMARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|3fa9e064-be4a-11ed-92c7-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6006|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|6a9691c6-be4a-11ed-8a32-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6007|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ 3rowsinset(0.00sec)
3.8启动异步复制通道
在MGR B的主节点启动
mysql>startreplicaforchannel'mgra_to_mgrb'; mysql>showreplicastatusG ***************************1.row*************************** Replica_IO_State:Waitingforsourcetosendevent Source_Host:172.17.140.201 Source_User:repl_user Source_Port:6001 Connect_Retry:10 Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Read_Source_Log_Pos:2614 Relay_Log_File:relaylog-mgra_to_mgrb.000002 Relay_Log_Pos:2816 Relay_Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Replica_IO_Running:Yes Replica_SQL_Running:Yes Replicate_Do_DB:
异步复制通道运行正常,至此MGR A 与 MGR B已建立主备关系,MGR A主节点与 MGR B 主节点建立异步复制通道。
3.9查看配置的用于异步连接切换的复制源
mysql>select*fromperformance_schema.replication_asynchronous_connection_failover; +--------------+----------------+------+-------------------+--------+--------------------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|HOST|PORT|NETWORK_NAMESPACE|WEIGHT|MANAGED_NAME| +--------------+----------------+------+-------------------+--------+--------------------------------------+ |mgra_to_mgrb|172.17.140.201|6001||90|bbbbbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbbbbbbb| |mgra_to_mgrb|172.17.140.201|6002||50|bbbbbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbbbbbbb| |mgra_to_mgrb|172.17.140.201|6003||50|bbbbbbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbbbbbbbbbb| +--------------+----------------+------+-------------------+--------+--------------------------------------+ 3rowsinset(0.01sec)
可以看到这里显示了 MGR A的所有节点信息,weight 最高的为主节点
3.10故障模拟:主集群MGR A 的主节点发生故障
(1)查看当前MGR A 信息
mysql>select*fromperformance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|MEMBER_ID|MEMBER_HOST|MEMBER_PORT|MEMBER_STATE|MEMBER_ROLE|MEMBER_VERSION|MEMBER_COMMUNICATION_STACK| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |group_replication_applier|44921323-bd95-11ed-8db5-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6002|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|6f904c5c-bd95-11ed-bc79-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6003|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|c9e254d3-bd94-11ed-8ae9-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6001|ONLINE|PRIMARY|8.0.31|XCom| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ 3rowsinset(0.00sec)
当前MGR A 主节点为 6001
(2)查看异步复制信息
登录MGR B 主节点查看
mysql>showreplicastatusG ***************************1.row*************************** Replica_IO_State:Waitingforsourcetosendevent Source_Host:172.17.140.201 Source_User:repl_user Source_Port:6001 Connect_Retry:10 Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Read_Source_Log_Pos:2614 Relay_Log_File:relaylog-mgra_to_mgrb.000002 Relay_Log_Pos:2816 Relay_Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Replica_IO_Running:Yes Replica_SQL_Running:Yes Replicate_Do_DB:
当前MGR B主节点 连接的是 MGR A的主节点 6001
(3)模拟MGR A故障
在MGR A主节点执行切主命令,模拟MGR A主节点故障,将6002设置为新主节点
mysql>selectgroup_replication_set_as_primary('44921323-bd95-11ed-8db5-00163e01f842'); +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |group_replication_set_as_primary('44921323-bd95-11ed-8db5-00163e01f842')| +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Primaryserverswitchedto:44921323-bd95-11ed-8db5-00163e01f842| +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1rowinset(0.04sec)
mysql>select*fromperformance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|MEMBER_ID|MEMBER_HOST|MEMBER_PORT|MEMBER_STATE|MEMBER_ROLE|MEMBER_VERSION|MEMBER_COMMUNICATION_STACK| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |group_replication_applier|44921323-bd95-11ed-8db5-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6002|ONLINE|PRIMARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|6f904c5c-bd95-11ed-bc79-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6003|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|c9e254d3-bd94-11ed-8ae9-00163e01f842|172.17.140.201|6001|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ 3rowsinset(0.00sec)
(4)查看异步复制信息
登录MGR B 主节点查看
mysql>showreplicastatusG ***************************1.row*************************** Replica_IO_State:Waitingforsourcetosendevent Source_Host:172.17.140.201 Source_User:repl_user Source_Port:6002 Connect_Retry:10 Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Read_Source_Log_Pos:3343 Relay_Log_File:relaylog-mgra_to_mgrb.000003 Relay_Log_Pos:435 Relay_Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Replica_IO_Running:Yes Replica_SQL_Running:Yes Replicate_Do_DB:
可以看到MGR B主节点已经自动进行异步连接故障转移,与MGR A新主节点6002建立连接并且连接正常,在此过程中并不需要人为去操作。
3.11故障模拟:备集群MGR B 的主节点发生故障
(1)查看当前MGR B信息
mysql>select*fromperformance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|MEMBER_ID|MEMBER_HOST|MEMBER_PORT|MEMBER_STATE|MEMBER_ROLE|MEMBER_VERSION|MEMBER_COMMUNICATION_STACK| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |group_replication_applier|190f4674-be4a-11ed-9452-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6005|ONLINE|PRIMARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|3fa9e064-be4a-11ed-92c7-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6006|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|6a9691c6-be4a-11ed-8a32-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6007|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ 3rowsinset(0.03sec)
(2)查看异步复制信息
登录MGR B主节点6005
mysql>showreplicastatusG ***************************1.row*************************** Replica_IO_State:Waitingforsourcetosendevent Source_Host:172.17.140.201 Source_User:repl_user Source_Port:6002 Connect_Retry:10 Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Read_Source_Log_Pos:3343 Relay_Log_File:relaylog-mgra_to_mgrb.000003 Relay_Log_Pos:435 Relay_Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Replica_IO_Running:Yes Replica_SQL_Running:Yes Replicate_Do_DB:
当前MGR B主节点与MGR A新主节点6002 异步复制连接正常
登录MGR B从节点6006
mysql>showreplicastatusG ***************************1.row*************************** Replica_IO_State: Source_Host:172.17.140.201 Source_User:repl_user Source_Port:6001 Connect_Retry:10 Source_Log_File: Read_Source_Log_Pos:4 Relay_Log_File:relaylog-mgra_to_mgrb.000001 Relay_Log_Pos:4 Relay_Source_Log_File: Replica_IO_Running:No Replica_SQL_Running:No Replicate_Do_DB:
(3)模拟MGR B主节点故障
这里不能通过对MGR B执行切主命令模拟故障,会报如下错误:
mysql>selectgroup_replication_set_as_primary('3fa9e064-be4a-11ed-92c7-00163ea5c598'); ERROR3910(HY000):Thefunction'group_replication_set_as_primary'failed.Thereisaslavechannelrunninginthegroup'scurrentprimarymember.
我们通过停止组复制让MGR B主节点6005主动退出组,模拟故障
mysql>stopgroup_replication; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(11.67sec)
(4)查看当前MGR B信息
mysql>select*fromperformance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|MEMBER_ID|MEMBER_HOST|MEMBER_PORT|MEMBER_STATE|MEMBER_ROLE|MEMBER_VERSION|MEMBER_COMMUNICATION_STACK| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |group_replication_applier|3fa9e064-be4a-11ed-92c7-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6006|ONLINE|PRIMARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|6a9691c6-be4a-11ed-8a32-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6007|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ 2rowsinset(0.00sec)
当前MGR B发生切主,新主节点为6006
(5)查看异步复制信息
登录MGR B新主节点6006
mysql>showreplicastatusG ***************************1.row*************************** Replica_IO_State:Waitingforsourcetosendevent Source_Host:172.17.140.201 Source_User:repl_user Source_Port:6002 Connect_Retry:10 Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Read_Source_Log_Pos:3343 Relay_Log_File:relaylog-mgra_to_mgrb.000002 Relay_Log_Pos:395 Relay_Source_Log_File:binlog.000001 Replica_IO_Running:Yes Replica_SQL_Running:Yes Replicate_Do_DB:
可以看到MGR B新主节点已经自动进行异步连接故障转移,与MGR A主节点6002建立连接并且连接正常,在此过程中并不需要人为去操作。
3.12 设置备集群MGR B为超级只读模式
配置MGR B集群所有节点为超级只读模式,避免执行误操作。默认情况下,MGR单主模式下主节点为读写模式,从节点为超级只读模式。
当一个组只是作为另一个组的备份的时候,只需要执行复制事物就可以了,不需要登录执行其他客户端事物,避免造成数据不一致的问题。因此我们可以通过 group_replication_disable_member_action() 函数设置成员操作,将备集群所有节点设置为超级只读模式,即使切主后选出新的主节点也要保持超级只读模式。
(1)查看MGR B当前成员操作
mysql>select*fromreplication_group_member_actions; +------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------+----------+----------+----------------+ |name|event|enabled|type|priority|error_handling| +------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------+----------+----------+----------------+ |mysql_disable_super_read_only_if_primary|AFTER_PRIMARY_ELECTION|1|INTERNAL|1|IGNORE| |mysql_start_failover_channels_if_primary|AFTER_PRIMARY_ELECTION|1|INTERNAL|10|CRITICAL| +------------------------------------------+------------------------+---------+----------+----------+----------------+ 2rowsinset(0.02sec)
(2)设置MGR B为超级只读模式
mysql>SELECTgroup_replication_disable_member_action("mysql_disable_super_read_only_if_primary","AFTER_PRIMARY_ELECTION"); +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |group_replication_disable_member_action("mysql_disable_super_read_only_if_primary","AFTER_PRIMARY_ELECTION")| +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |OK| +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1rowinset(0.04sec)
注意:这里执行完此函数后,不会对当前主节点产生影响,当发生切主选择出新主节点后,会将新主节点设置为超级只读模式。
(3)停止MGR B主节点
mysql>stopgroup_replication; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(28.54sec) mysql>select*fromperformance_schema.replication_group_members; +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |CHANNEL_NAME|MEMBER_ID|MEMBER_HOST|MEMBER_PORT|MEMBER_STATE|MEMBER_ROLE|MEMBER_VERSION|MEMBER_COMMUNICATION_STACK| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ |group_replication_applier|190f4674-be4a-11ed-9452-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6005|ONLINE|PRIMARY|8.0.31|XCom| |group_replication_applier|6a9691c6-be4a-11ed-8a32-00163ea5c598|172.17.140.252|6007|ONLINE|SECONDARY|8.0.31|XCom| +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+----------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------------------+ 2rowsinset(0.01sec)
MGR B新主节点为 6005
(4)查看MGR B新主节点是否进入超级只读模式
mysql>showvariableslike'super_read_only'; +-----------------+-------+ |Variable_name|Value| +-----------------+-------+ |super_read_only|ON| +-----------------+-------+ 1rowinset(0.05sec) mysql>createdatabasett; ERROR1290(HY000):TheMySQLserverisrunningwiththe--super-read-onlyoptionsoitcannotexecutethisstatement
此时新主节点处于超级只读模式,不允许用户执行操作。
4.总结
通过异步连接故障切换机制,当复制连接出现问题时,不需要人工介入手动去重新建立复制连接,副本会自动进行异步故障转移与新的节点建立连接。
异步复制通道的建立只能在2个MGR集群的主节点上。
审核编辑:刘清
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原文标题:MGR主备集群实现异步连接故障转移
文章出处:【微信号:OSC开源社区,微信公众号:OSC开源社区】欢迎添加关注!文章转载请注明出处。
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