GM Bolt的OTA升级，电芯有问题靠软件来弥补

继续昨天的文章，根据“gmauthority.com”的消息，现在针对Bolt EV要启动传统汽车企业规模较大的一次OTA。电芯有问题，靠软件来弥补，也会成为未来的常态。

General Motors has officially responded to reports of isolated battery cell failure in 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV models.In response to the possible issue, the automaker will roll out a software update for Bolt EV that dealerships will perform free of charge.

GM told InsideEVs that the recall is not a safety recall, but asked that all owners participate in the software update. Some owners have reported battery cell failure that leaves the Bolt EV without drive power.

After analyzing OnStar data, GM noted the issue seems isolated to very early production units of Bolt EV. The automaker will continue to comb through its data and notify owners who may be at risk for battery cell failure.

The software update will introduce “additional warnings if a battery cell low voltage condition occurs, which could cause the vehicle to reduce or lose propulsion.” Owners will see an indicator light if the battery is at risk of cell failure.

The update will not fix bad battery cells. Additionally, starting at the end of this month, Chevrolet and GM will begin pushing over-the-air software updates to the Bolt EV. It will make the Bolt EV the first vehicle from GM to make use of a vehicle’s internet connection for seamless updates without having to visit a dealership.

论坛里面也发送相关的信息到了车主了：

Just got an email from GM titled “2017 Bolt EV Software Updates” and providing instructions for owner-initiated updates. Not going to reiterate the email here, but here is a like to the instructions: http://gmrecall.xert.net/publicimage...uctions_F2.pdf

这正好GM的SuSanta Sarkar和James Forsmark发表了《汽车电子自动化软件更新OTA系统工程》，对于汽车电子来说，这将成为未来电动汽车厂家的标准配置，应对未来发生的问题。

汽车电子系统传统上被设计为嵌入式分布式系统，主要在本地通信子网中广播数据。这些系统由许多通过各种类型的通信网络连接的电子控制单元（ECU）组成。传统上，整车企业通过供应商来设计和构建这些ECU，然后承担整合通信和验证的责任。在此框架中，更新组件软件需要连接外部工具和更新预期的ECU。这种方法存在以下问题：

•从供应商和性能角度来看，每个ECU的软件更新都被视为一个独立事件 ，因此在设计刷新软件来说，供应商不会对自己的ECU刷新软件要花多久设置考核，更不会把它作为一个关键参数。

•通常设计过程中，只考虑单个ECU的软件更新，同时对多个ECU进行更新并没有考虑过，多个ECU同时更新所需的通信网络带宽不受任何一个供应商的控制。

•ECU之间的软件更新依赖性通常不明确。4S店经过培训之后，修理技工可以使用手动错误检测方法修补隐藏的依赖关系，在必要时安装的其他软件更新。

•有时为了保证系统的完整性，ECU的传感器或执行器需要在软件更新后进行手动操作一下

这篇文章，介绍了一下之前的事情，也提出了一种系统架构（Proposed Model of System Architecture）

系统架构可以考虑各种业务驱动因素来组织软件体系结构和软件元素。 由于车辆的生命周期通常在十年左右，因此软件更新系统本身也是可更新的。 实现这一目标的系统方法是有一套明确的可能分离的软件元素，并保证特意设计的接口不会随时间而改变。 这种方法有助于一个软件元素的变化不会影响整个系统。 软件元素可以映射到一个或多个“对象”或“服务”