设置Logger、Handler、Formatter - 关于Python标准输出的重定向方式内容详解

除直接在程序中设置Logger、Handler、Formatter等外，还可将这些信息写入配置文件。示例如下：
#logger.conf
###############Logger###############
[loggers]
keys=root,Logger2F,Logger2CF

[logger_root]
level=DEBUG
handlers=hWholeConsole

[logger_Logger2F]
handlers=hWholeFile
qualname=Logger2F
propagate=0

[logger_Logger2CF]
handlers=hPartialConsole,hPartialFile
qualname=Logger2CF
propagate=0

###############Handler###############
[handlers]
keys=hWholeConsole,hPartialConsole,hWholeFile,hPartialFile

[handler_hWholeConsole]
class=StreamHandler
level=DEBUG
formatter=simpFormatter
args=(sys.stdout,)

[handler_hPartialConsole]
class=StreamHandler
level=INFO
formatter=simpFormatter
args=(sys.stderr,)

[handler_hWholeFile]
class=FileHandler
level=DEBUG
formatter=timeFormatter
args=('out.txt', 'a')

[handler_hPartialFile]
class=FileHandler
level=WARNING
formatter=timeFormatter
args=('out.txt', 'w')

###############Formatter###############
[formatters]
keys=simpFormatter,timeFormatter

[formatter_simpFormatter]
format=[%(levelname)s] at %(filename)s,%(lineno)d: %(message)s

[formatter_timeFormatter]
format=%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] at %(filename)s,%(lineno)d: %(message)s
datefmt=%Y-%m-%d(%a)%H:%M:%S

此处共创建三个Logger：root，将所有日志输出至控制台；Logger2F，将所有日志写入文件；Logger2CF，将级别大于或等于INFO的日志输出至控制台，将级别大于或等于WARNING的日志写入文件。

程序以如下方式解析配置文件和重定向输出：
import logging, logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig("logger.conf")

logger = logging.getLogger("Logger2CF")
logger.debug('gubed'); logger.info('ofni'); logger.warn('nraw')
logger.error('rorre'); logger.critical('lacitirc')

logger1 = logging.getLogger("Logger2F")
logger1.debug('GUBED'); logger1.critical('LACITIRC')

logger2 = logging.getLogger()
logger2.debug('gUbEd'); logger2.critical('lAcItIrC')

运行后屏幕上显示:
[INFO] at test.py,7: ofni
[WARNING] at test.py,7: nraw
[ERROR] at test.py,8: rorre
[CRITICAL] at test.py,8: lacitirc
[DEBUG] at test.py,14: gUbEd
[CRITICAL] at test.py,14: lAcItIrC

out.txt文件内容则为:
2016-05-13(Fri)20:31:21 [WARNING] at test.py,7: nraw
2016-05-13(Fri)20:31:21 [ERROR] at test.py,8: rorre
2016-05-13(Fri)20:31:21 [CRITICAL] at test.py,8: lacitirc
2016-05-13(Fri)20:31:21 [DEBUG] at test.py,11: GUBED
2016-05-13(Fri)20:31:21 [CRITICAL] at test.py,11: LACITIRC

三. 总结

以上就是关于Python标准输出的重定向方式的全部内容，希望对学习python的朋友们能有所帮助，如果有疑问欢迎大家留言讨论。