充分发挥图像传感器在工业自动化中的作用

　　充分发挥图像传感器在工业自动化中的作用

　　成像正在成为许多嵌入式系统发展的关键部分。本文着眼于图像传感技术——从传感器到算法和IP——越来越多地用于工业视觉。

　　图像传感器在工业自动化领域的应用越来越广泛。成熟的CMOS技术提供了更大的传感器阵列以提供更大的视场，以及更快的图像捕获以满足视觉检查的要求。与此同时，新的成像架构和新的软件算法提高了识别速度，并使系统更具成本效益。随着现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）密度的增加和成本的降低，这些算法在工厂中的应用越来越广泛，同时也帮助了图像传感器的普及。传统的观点认为机器视觉需要最高的分辨率（见表1），CMOS器件的新架构提供了更大的性能，而标准CMOS器件被用于整个工厂的更多成像和自动化应用。

　　CMOS sensors are the mainstay of industrial imaging. Although they are not as high resolution as bipolar charge coupled devices （CCDs）， they are cost effective and rugged for use in industrial imaging. The same ruggedness and reliability that is being applied to designs in the automotive market for applications such as lane detection is now becoming available for industrial vision. While there has been a performance advantage for CCD in industrial vision， the reducing cost of mainstream sensors and cameras is allowing vision to be used cost effectively on the factory floor， and the increasing performance of high-end CMOS sensors is competing directly with CCD technology.