能量采集无线传感器

　　能量采集无线传感器

　　EnOcean联盟有助于确保日益复杂的传感器和控制的互操作性

　　根据美国能源部的数据，建筑物消耗了美国每年39%的能源和74%的电力。对于业主来说，“绿色”不仅意味着降低能源成本和税收优惠，而且还提高了租金和每平方英尺的收入，因为潜在的商业和住宅租户要求提高能源效率。基础绿色项目，楼宇自动化系统（BAS）提供了各种形状和尺寸的建筑物所需的测量和控制能力，以提高能源效率。在这些系统的外围，BAS设计人员越来越依赖于无线传感器节点，它们利用能量收集技术来切断传感器网络中的通信和功率线。

　　BAS设备包括多层网络，传感器和控制在最低物理接口级别连接。使用无线通信，BAS集成商可以在需要的地方放置传感器，但切断传感器节点的线意味着使用除耗电Wi-Fi或ZigBee收发器以外的通信。

　　“Temperature control in large enclosed spaces – such as goods warehouses or aircraft hangars – presents a huge challenge to conventional technologies. As such， this type of environment is very expensive to heat or cool and uncomfortable to work in，” said Marc Dugré， president of Regulvar， a building automation systems integrator. “Innovative wireless technology can provide the answer.”

　　In fact， the combination of low-power circuitry and energy-conserving power management methods enable engineers to create “perpetually” powered sensor nodes able to harvest required energy from ambient sources including heat， vibration and even RF signals （see Figure 1）。 Besides their benefit in eliminating sensor maintenance in conventional BAS installations， these zero-battery sensors hold promise for long-term structural health monitoring： For the first time， structural engineers can cost-effectively monitor load bearing members typically buried within concrete and insulation.