智能电表中的篡改检测与保护

　　智能电表中的篡改检测与保护

　　智能电表可以极大的灵活性，优化能源使用，但也可以通过窃取额外的机会窃取电力。除了其脆弱的旧形式的物理篡改，这些设备面临更复杂的黑客攻击形式。工程师、防篡改的智能电表的设计可以建立在一个广泛的厂商包括模拟设备，Atmel，Freescale半导体、集成，恩智浦半导体，脉冲电子，意法半导体的设计方法和先进的设备，德克萨斯文书，其中。

　　据业内人士分析，每年的电力盗窃达近900亿美元，全球有超过一半的发生在世界新兴市场，包括印度，巴西和。同时，电力盗窃是一样古老的电表本身，并借鉴了各种方法，改变米和它的输入，企图影响电表的能量测量。

　　For example， traditional analog utility meters were notoriously susceptible to relatively simple physical attacks （Figure 1）。 Typically， energy thieves would break into the meter to affect the measurement mechanism itself or use magnets to confuse the current sensing mechanism – typically resulting in a falsified reduction in measured usage by 50% to 75%. Another common form of tampering involved simply bypassing the meter entirely or switching wires on the utility side of the meter to cause the rotor disk to rotate in the opposite direction – decrementing wattage counters to falsely indicate lower energy usage. In a similar tampering approach， the neutral wire would be removed to stop rotor movement and halt the counters entirely. Typically， energy thieves would remove evidence of tampering during the day to avoid detection by utility workers.