智能电表中的精确功率测量，第一部分：设计考虑

　　智能电表中的精确功率测量，第一部分：设计考虑

　　智能电表是比常规仪表更精确地识别能源消耗的先进设备。它们的设计目的是获取有关何时使用能源的信息，而不仅仅是使用了多少能源，并将这些信息传递给本地实用程序进行电源监控、计费和其他用途（图1）。

　　为满足先进的计费和能源管理服务的需求，MCU驱动今天的智能电表和分户计量系统采用高精度的模拟前端（AFE）电路和复杂的数据处理软件。但是对于一个特定的应用程序，究竟需要多少精确度呢？带有集成AFE提供足够的精度，为您的应用程序的MCU新的作物呢？最好用硬件、软件或两者结合来补偿线干扰，否则会歪曲MCU的测量结果？在这个由两部分组成的系列中，我们将分享这些问题的答案，并提供最新的功率测量解决方案的综述。

　　Figure 1： Modern Smart Meters rely on sophisticated energy measurement ICs to accurately measure power consumption， provide tamper detection and， in some cases， sense power factor on a real-time basis （Courtesy of STMicroelectronics）。

　　Smart grids need smarter meters

　　In addition to the immediate benefits of automated meter reading （AMR）， utilities are moving to smart meters in order to enable advanced capabilities that allow them to run their generation and distribution networks more efficiently. The detailed data produced by smart meters enables fine-grained customer-side load management， better utilization of distributed energy resources， and so-called smart billing based on factors like time-of day， peak consumption levels， compliance with peak load management messages， and disturbances caused by reactive loads. Meanwhile， commercial and industrial customers are making increased use of intelligent sub-metering systems to help manage their loads and in turn， their utility bills.