无线传感器网络高能效分簇路由算法

无线传感器网络与传统无线网络相比，网络节点在具有的电源能量、计算与处理能力、通信带宽等方面都十分有限。延长网络的生命周期成为无线传感器网络的一个关键问题。在低功耗自适应分簇路由算法(LEACH)的基础上提出了一种改进算法，其主要思想在于根据监测区域面积、节点数目及基站位置来确定最优簇个数而不是低功耗自适应算法中的固定值。最后仿真结果表明，改进后的算法与LEACH 算法相比，无论是在能量消耗还是网络生命周期方面都有较大的提高。
关键词：无线传感器网络；路由协议；分簇算法

An Energy Efficient Cluster-based Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks
ZHANG Shi-qing, SUN Chao, ZHANG Xi-liang, ZHU Qi-mei (Mechanical Engineering School, Jiangsu University, Zhengjing, Jiangsu 212013, China) Abstract: Wireless sensor networks have been widely used in a variety of applications. However, sensor nodes have many limited capacities in terms of battery power, computation, data process and communication bandwidth, compared with the traditional wireless networks. In this network，it is important to prolong the network lifetime as soon as possible. Based on Low Energy Adoptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm, a modified routing algorithm is proposed. Its main ideas consists in that optimum number of cluster is computed according to the square of monitoring area, number of nodes and location of base station instead of the fixed value in LEACH. Simulation results show that the modified algorithm achieve better performance than LEACH in terms of energy consumption and the network lifetime.
Key Words: wireless sensor networks; routing protocol; clustering algorithm;