Simple, Low-Cost, 4-Port E1 De

Abstract: Application note 376 provides the hardware and software requirements for using the DS21Q50 as a quad E1 transceiver. Two significant features are included for this type of application, Interleave Bus Operation (IBO) and a system clock synthesizer. IBO mode allows up to eight E1 data streams to be multiplexed into a single high-speed PCM bus. The system clock synthesizer can create a high-speed backplane clock based on the recovered clock form any of the E1 lines or an external reference clock.

Overview

The DS21Q50 is a quad E1 transceiver optimized for high-density termination of E1 lines. Two significant features are included for this type of application: the Interleave Bus Option (IBO) and a system clock synthesizer. The IBO allows up to eight E1 data streams to be multiplexed onto a single high-speed PCM bus. The system clock synthesizer can create a high-speed backplane clock based on the recovered clock from any of the E1 lines, or an externally applied reference clock. Each of these features is accomplished without additional logic components. This document details one specific hardware and software implementation to take advantage of these features for a 4-port E1 design.

Hardware Configuration

Figure 1 shows an example application of the DS21Q50 in a 4-port design. In order to ensure data integrity in IBO mode, all clock and sync signals should be phase-aligned. The receive elastic store for each of the four transceivers must be enabled, and they should all receive the same frame-reference pulse (RSYNC) and 8.192MHz system clock (SYSCLK). In this case, the phase-locked frame pulse is provided by the system backplane, and the 8.192MHz clock is provided by the 21Q50's system-clock synthesizer. Note that the 8.192MHz clock can be created internally from any of the four E1 line recovered clocks. In IBO mode, the DS21Q50 can create the transmit clock (TCLK) for each E1 formatter by dividing down the applied SYSCLK.


Figure 1. Four port E1 transceiver using DS21Q50.

Notes:

1. Schematic does not include line protection components.
2. For compact applications, an octal transformer can be used such as the Pulse T1068.
3. This circuit can be software-configured for either 75½ or 120½ E1 applications without changing component values:
   • IRTSEL in CCR5.4 determines receiver termination resistance
   • L0-L2 in LICR determines transmitter pulse shape

Software Configuration

Table 1 shows some of the critical register settings necessary to initialize the DS21Q50 for operation as described above. Note that Table 1 might not represent the complete register listing required for a customer application. The reader is encouraged to refer to the device data sheet for further information regarding the flexibility of the DS21Q50. It is good practice to clear all 21Q50 registers at power-up, before initializing the device with the desired settings.

Table 1. Register Settings for 21Q50 4-Port Design

Setting	Location	Description
The following settings apply to all 4 ports (transceivers):
IBOEN = 1	IBO.2	Enable IBO operation
IBOTCS = 1	IBO.6	Transmit clock derived from SYSCLK
SCS1 = 1	IBO.5	8.192MHz operation (4 ports on the PCM bus)
SCS0 = 0	IBO.4
RESE = 1	RCR.4	Enable receive elastic store
RSIO = 1	RCR.5	RSYNC pin is an input
RSM = 0	RCR.6	RSYNC is in frame mode
TSIO = 1	TCR.0	TSYNC is an output
TSM = 0	TCR.1	TSYNC is in frame mode
The following settings apply to the specified port (transceiver):
SCS0 = 1	TC#1, SCICR.0	Select the recovered clock from transceiver #1 as the source for the system clock synthesizer
SCS1 = 0	TC#1, SCICR.1
SCS2 = 0	TC#1, SCICR.2
CSS0 = 0	TC#1, SCICR.3	Set system clock synthesizer to 8.192MHz
CSS1 = 1	TC#1, SCICR.4
SOE = 1	TC#1, SCICR.5	Enable synthesizer clock output
DA0 = 0	TC#1, IBO.0	Set transceiver #1 as first device on PCM bus
DA1 = 0	TC#1, IBO.1
DA2 = 0	TC#1, IBO.2
DA0 = 1	TC#2, IBO.0	Set transceiver #2 as second device on PCM bus
DA1 = 0	TC#2, IBO.1
DA2 = 0	TC#2, IBO.2
DA0 = 0	TC#3, IBO.0	Set transceiver #3 as third device on PCM bus
DA1 = 1	TC#3, IBO.1
DA2 = 0	TC#3, IBO.2
DA0 = 1	TC#4, IBO.0	Set transceiver #4 as fourth device on PCM bus
DA1 = 1	TC#4, IBO.1
DA2 = 0	TC#4, IBO.2

Where:
TC#1 = Transceiver #1 (TS1,TS0 = 00)
TC#2 = Transceiver #2 (TS1,TS0 = 01)
TC#3 = Transceiver #3 (TS1,TS0 = 10)
TC#4 = Transceiver #4 (TS1,TS0 = 11)


Figure 2. PCM Bus functional timing diagram.